تحلیل نسبت میانِ «دَرْمَه» در مقام آموزه و «بدنِ حقیقت» بودا

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده‌ی هنرهای تجسمی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مطالعات عالی هنر، دانشکده‌ی هنرهای تجسمی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در این مقاله، آموزه‌ی «دَرْمَه‌کایَه» ـ شریف‌ترین بدنْ و بدنِ حقیقت بودا ـ تحلیل و معناشناسی شده است. نظریه‌ی تری‌کایَه (سه کالبد)، که در آموزه‌ی بوداشناختی ریشه داشت و راهبان مَهایانَه مطرح کردند، کوششی بود برای تبیین نسبت میان بودای ازلی و بودای تاریخی در بستر نظام اندیشگی بودیسم. پرسش مقاله در خصوص معنای دقیق واژه‌ی «بدن» و تأثیر نگرش فلسفی مهایانیست‌ها در مقایسه با تأثیر طبیعت بودا در تئوریزه ‌شدن دَرْمَه‌کایَه و نسبت آن با مفهوم «دَرْمَه» در مقام تعلیم بودا است. داده‌های پژوهش با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی و با رجوع به منابع کتابخانه‌ای گردآوری، تحلیل و تفسیر شده‌اند. نتایج نشان می‌دهند دَرْمَه‌کایَه معادل حقیقت غایی و ازلی ـ ابدی بودا است و بازتاب آموزه‌ای است که، بر اساس آن، دیدن دَرْمَه دیدن بودا تلقی می‌شود. تنها در ادبیات متقدم مهایانیستی بود که تَتَتا مطلع شناخت تَتاگَتَه دانسته و دَرْمَه‌کایَه واجد دلالت‌های فلسفی، معنایی و هستی‌شناختی شد. بدین‌ترتیب، تَتَتا با دَرْمَه‌کایَه یکی دانسته و، به‌دلیل حضور در همه‌چیز، به «بدن کیهانی» بودا بدل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Relationship between “Dharma” as Doctrine and the Buddha's “Truth Body” (“Reality Body”)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Sarebannejad 1
  • Hasan Bolkhari Ghehi 2
1 PhD Student in College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Advanced Art Studies, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This article presents a semantic and philosophical analysis of Dharmakāya—the most exalted and truth-body of the Buddha. The Trikāya doctrine (Three Bodies), rooted in Buddhist ontology and developed by Mahāyāna monks, aimed to articulate the relationship between the eternal Buddha and the historical Buddha within Buddhist thought. The study’s central question concerns the meaning of the term “body” and how Mahāyānists philosophical views on Buddha’s nature shaped the theorization of Dharmakāya, particularly in relation to Dharma as the Buddha’s teaching. Research data were collected from library sources and interpreted through a descriptive-analytical method. Findings suggest that Dharmakāya is equated with the ultimate, eternal truth of the Buddha and reflects the doctrine that seeing the Dharma is seeing the Buddha. Only in early Mahāyāna literature was Tathatā regarded as a point of access to the Tathāgata, and Dharmakāya endowed with philosophical, semantic, and ontological meanings. Thus, Tathatā was identified with Dharmakāya and, due to its all-encompassing presence, became the Buddha’s “cosmic body”.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Buddhism
  • Body (Kāya)
  • Dharmakāya
  • Mahāyāna
  • Buddhology

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