Moammadhosein Faryab
Abstract
Miracle, the most important and famous way of universally recognizing prophets, can be a challenging concept for ordinary and fallible humans. Since scholars emphasize the "irreducible nature" in defining miracles, the challenge arises from the fact that human knowledge is limited to the future ...
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Miracle, the most important and famous way of universally recognizing prophets, can be a challenging concept for ordinary and fallible humans. Since scholars emphasize the "irreducible nature" in defining miracles, the challenge arises from the fact that human knowledge is limited to the future and cannot determine whether a claim of irreducibility of a miracle by a prophet will be violated or not in the future. Therefore, it cannot ascertain the miraculous nature of the extraordinary work claimed by a prophet. The author's mission in this article is to answer this question using an analytical-critical approach. Based on the most important findings of this research, although a miracle must be clear and evident for its proof, ordinary humans can come to the conclusion of the miraculous nature of the claimed prophetic work by examining the prophet's background, his claims, and presenting those claims based on reason and nature, and considering divine wisdom.
Mohsen Javadi; javad vafaei moghani; babak abbasi
Abstract
The appeal to Divine Wisdom, either as a direct axiom or a framework for other principles, has been widely prevalent in Mûtâkâllimūn’s arguments. In the present paper, after presenting some cases of this trend and through logical analysis, the Mû’tâzilite Âbd ...
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The appeal to Divine Wisdom, either as a direct axiom or a framework for other principles, has been widely prevalent in Mûtâkâllimūn’s arguments. In the present paper, after presenting some cases of this trend and through logical analysis, the Mû’tâzilite Âbd al-Jâbbār’s arguments based on Divine Wisdom are scrutinized and criticized in particular. As a hypothesis, the authors believe that the Mû’tâzilite Âbd al-Jâbbār’s appeal to this divine attribute is, at least partly, inaccurate and thus, his arguments are logically inconclusive. Seemingly, this divine attribute is often used in a posterior method, and this method has been applied merely to rationalize the religious dogmas and the revelatory statements discursively. In addition, elaboration on this particular topic requires a comprehensive inner knowledge about all details of the universe and the ultimate purpose of the creation. Many other cases which, based on this very principle, must have been done or created, and yet are left unrealized, can be taken as serious counter-examples for this theological framework. It should be noted that the main theme of this paper doesn’t concern the objective reality per se, for based on decisive rational arguments and the explicit religious teachings, all Divine actions are carried out in the ultimate wisdom for the ultimate good; rather, this paper aims at questioning the possibility of a comprehensive understanding of such wisdom and the human intellect’s capacity - with all its limitations and failures - for discerning its cases.