دعوت بابیان و بهره‌گیری نادرست از حدیث کمیل

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تاریخ اسلام، گروه تاریخ دانشکدة علوم انسانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،ایران.

2 استاد گروه تاریخ دانشکدة علوم انسانی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

حدیث کمیل که از امام علی بن ابی‌طالب (ع) روایت شده، همواره مورد توجه دانشمندان و متألهان شیعی ‌مذهب بوده است که در میان ایشان به شیخ احمد احسائی و سید کاظم رشتی (پیشوایان مکتب شیخی) نیز می‌توان پرداخت. گسترش مکتب شیخی یکی از مهم‌ترین بسترهای گسترش دعوت سید علی‌محمد باب بود. بهره‌گیری جدی از این حدیث را در آثار باب و بابیان و ازلیان نیز می‌توان دید. پرسش آن است که چرا بابیان به بهره‌گیری از این حدیث روی آوردند و در بهره‌گیری از آن چگونه عمل کردند؟ در پاسخ به این پرسش، به شیوة توصیفی و تحلیلی با رویکرد تاریخی دانسته می‌شود که نگاه تأویلی باب به این حدیث، به نگاه‌ نابه‌جا و منفعت‌جویانة بابیان به آن انجامید، اما در محدودة آموزه‌های باب، ابزاری مهم برای اثبات جانشینی میرزا یحیی صبح ازل نسبت به باب و رد آموزه‌های میرزا حسینعلی بهاءالله در نسخ آیین باب و بنیان‌گذاری آیین بهائی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Babi Call and the Incorrect Utilization of the Hadith of Kumayl

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Meqdad Nabavi Razavi 1
  • Fatemeh Janahmadi 2
1 . Ph.D. Candidate of the History of Islam, Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of History, Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Hadith of Kumayl is narrated from Imam Ali and has drawn the attention of many Shiʿi theologists, amongst whom are the leaders of Shaykhi School, Ahsaʾi and Rashti. The propagation of the Shaykhism is to be considered a major reason that paved the way for the Babi belief. The frequent usage of this narration can also be posited in Babi works. This paper aims to explain the reason of the frequent Babis’ reference to this hadith and is to validate it. In doing so and by using an analytical method, it is found out that the Bab’s interpretative approach to this hadith ended up allowing Babis to take advantage of that narration by distorting its meaning. The results of such distortion are observable, but, inside the Babi paradigm, played a great role in proving the legitimacy of Subh-i-Azal as the true successor of the Bab, and in refuting Bahaʾullah’s claims about founding the Bahaʾi Faith.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Interpretation Approach
  • The Hadith of Komail
  • Sheikhi School
  • The Babi Call
  • The Bahai Call

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