نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکترای فلسفه از گروه فلسفه، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

رورتی با نقد و رد سنت متافیزیکی غرب، که در پی مفهوم مطلق حقیقت است، حقیقتِ باورها را امری نسبی و وابسته به زمینۀ پیدایش‌شان توصیف می‌کند. در سوی دیگر، علامه طباطبائی، با تفکری اساساً متافیزیکی، با طرح نظریه‌ای بدیع در سنت فلسفۀ اسلامی، به قسمی از ادراکات معتبر در حوزۀ «عمل»، موسوم به «ادراکات اعتباری»،  قائل می‌شود که به تصریح او، نقش اصلی در تکاملِ حیات انسان بر عهده دارند. این ادراکات، بر خلاف ادراکات حقیقی، اموری نسبی، و بسته به اقتضائات محیطی و اجتماعی، دائم در تطورند. در این مقاله، با رویکردی مقایسه‌ای-تحلیلی، نشان خواهیم داد که نظریۀ «ادراکات اعتباری» علامه قرابت زیادی با دیدگاه رورتی در باب «حقایق نسبی» دارد. هرچند رورتی، بر خلاف علامه، هیچ جایگاهی برای مفهوم مطلق حقیقت قائل نیست، با تحلیل این اختلاف درصددیم امکانی برای هم خوانی اندیشۀ این دو فیلسوف مطرح کنیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Analysis of Allameh Tabatabaʾi’s Theory of Iʿtibari Perceptions and Rorty's Pragmatism

نویسنده [English]

  • Iman Rahim Nasirian

PhD in Philosophy from the Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Criticizing and rejecting the Western metaphysical tradition, which searches for an absolute notion of Truth, Rorty describes the truth of beliefs as relative and dependent on the context of their origin. On the other hand, Allameh Tabatabaʾi, with a fundamentally metaphysical background, presents an innovative theory within the tradition of Islamic philosophy with similar consequences. This theory considers some valid perceptions in the sphere of action, namely, ‘Iʿtibārī perceptions,’ which, he specifies, play a central role in the historical evolution of human life. Unlike true perceptions, Iʿtibārī perceptions are relative and constantly evolving depending on environmental and social conditions. In this paper, with a comparative-analytical approach, we will show that Tabatabaʾi’s theory of Iʿtibārī perceptions has a significant affinity with Rorty’s view on relative truths. Although Rorty, unlike Tabatabaʾi, does not leave room for the absolute notion of Truth, we will investigate this difference to explore the possibility of congruence and compatibility between the thoughts of these two philosophers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rorty
  • pragmatism
  • Allameh Tabatabaʾi
  • iʿtibārī perceptions
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