Analytical Investigation of the Nature of Affections from the Perspective of Transcendent Philosophy

Document Type : Scientific-research

Authors

1 PhD Graduate of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Affections are considered one of the most significant dimensions of human personality. In this research, we have analytically examined the nature of affections from the perspective of Transcendent Philosophy (Hikmat-e Muta‘aliyah) and concluded that affections, on the one hand, possess a cognitive nature, defined based on pleasure and pain and the cognition of what aligns or conflicts with one’s disposition. On the other hand, they are influenced by the motivating faculties subordinate to the appetitive faculty, namely desire and anger, thus possessing a motivational nature. The integration of the two components of affection—cognitive and motivational—is undertaken by practical reason, which operates through the faculty of estimation (Wahm). According to Mulla Sadra’s interpretation, imagination (Khayal) is an active faculty in generating forms and cognitions and plays a key role in forming, stabilizing, reinforcing, or weakening affections. If we consider imagination as a psychic dimension, then the faculty of estimation is not distinct from the domain of imagination and depends on the level of the human soul. The faculty of estimation manifests at that same level, becoming either an imaginative or rational estimation, and, following its existential rank, it constructs, nurtures, and manages affections. Therefore, cultivating each of these faculties subordinate to practical reason can generate affections corresponding to that state for the individual.

Keywords

References

Al-Tūsi, Nasir Al-Din. (1982). Sharh Al-ʾIshārat wa al-Tanbihāt. Vol: 2. Qom: Daftar-e Nashr-e Ketab.
Ibn Sinā, Husayn ibn ‘Abdullāh. (1984). Al-Shifaʾ. Vol: 1 & 2. Researched by Saʿid Zayed. Qom: Ayatollah Marʿashi Library.
Ibn Sinā, Husayn ibn ‘Abdullāh. (2000). Al-Najāt min al-Gharq fi Bahr al-Zalālāt. Tehran: Tehran University Press.
Ibn Sinā, Husayn ibn ‘Abdullāh. (2002). Al-ʾIshārat wa al-Tanbihāt. Research: Mujtaba Zareʾi. Qom: Bustan-e Ketab.
Ibn Sinā, Husayn ibn ‘Abdullāh. (2007). Ahval al-Nafs. Paris: Darbiblion.
James, William. (1981). The Principles of Psychology. 3 vols, Cambridge, MA: Harward University press.
Javadi Amoli, ‘Abdullāh. (2021). Rahiq-e Makhtum. Vol 33. Qom: ʾIsra press. (In Persian).
Malekiān, Mostafā (2018). Zamin Az Daricheye Aseman. Tehran: Sorush Molana. (In Persian)
Malekiān, Mostafā (2021). Omr-e Dobare. Tehran: Nashr-e Shur. (In Persian)
Mesbah Yazdi, Mohammad Taqi. (2014). Sharh-e Asfar. Vol 8.1. Qom: The Imam Khomeini Education & Research Institue. (In Persian)
Mirhadi, Seyyed Mehdi (2019). “The Relationship between Imagination and Emotions in Mulla Sadra’s Philosophy”. Hekmat-e Moʿaser, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Year 10, Fall-Winter 2019, Issue 2 (Serial 29), pp. 258-241. https://doi.org/10.30465/cw.2020.4628. (In Persian)
MirShamsi, Zeinab Al-Sadat (2019). “Investigating the Role of Emotions as the Interface between Action and Opinion”. Hekmat-e Sadrai Scientific Journal, Vol. 9, Issue: 1, Serial 17, Fall-Winter 2019, pp. 173-163. https://doi.org/10.22091/pfk.2013.66. (In Persian)
Mullā Ṣadrā. (1962). Resala al-ʿArshiyya. Isfahan: Isfahan University Press.
Mullā Ṣadrā. (1984). Mafatih al-Ghayb. Tehran: Publication of the Institute for Cultural Studies and Research & Iranian Institute of Philosophy.
Mullā Ṣadrā. (1987). Tafsir al-Qurʾān. Vols: 1,6,7. Proofreader: Khajavi Mohammad. Qom: Bīdār.
Mullā Ṣadrā. (2018). Al-Ḥikmat al-Mutaʿāliya Fī al-Asfār al-ʿAqliyyat al-Arbaʿa. Vols: 1,3,4,7,8,9. Tehran: Sadrā Islamic Philosophy Foundation.
Mullā Ṣadrā. (N D). Al-Mabdaʾ va Al-Maʿād. Proofreader: Khajavi Mohammad. N P.
Radharkrishnan. (1988). Essentials of Psychology. Oxford University, Press.
Santrock, John W. (2009). Educational Psychology. Vol 2. Translated by Firuzbakht, Mehrdad. Tehran: Rasa. (In Persian)
Zeinolʿabedin, Masʿūd & Mansuri, Amirhuseyn & Pushian, ʿArefe & Khademi, ʿEinollāh. (2020). “Covid-19 (Coronavirus) as a Cognitive Evil and Facing it Based on the Believe in God.” The Quarterly Journal of Philosophical Investigations. Tabriz: University of Tabriz. / Vol. 14/ Issue: 31/ summer 2020/ pp. 169-194. (In Persian) https://doi.org/10.22034/jpiut.2020.39723.2553

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics