mohammad mollai Iveli; mohsen fahim; mojtaba Jafari Ashkavandi
Abstract
The genesis of pluralities from the unit has always been at the center of attention of philosophers since the formation of philosophy. Thomas Aquinas and Mulla Sadra have also expressed their views on it based on their philosophical and ontological foundations. How many beings originated from a simple ...
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The genesis of pluralities from the unit has always been at the center of attention of philosophers since the formation of philosophy. Thomas Aquinas and Mulla Sadra have also expressed their views on it based on their philosophical and ontological foundations. How many beings originated from a simple unit preoccupied the minds of both, and they, like other philosophers, had to find a way out of this problem. The present article intends to survey the works of Thomas Aquinas and Mulla Sadra and their commentators and researchers in an analytical way to probe their views on the genesis of pluralities from the unit and as a result determine how each of them justified the genesis of pluralities from the unit. Do they pay attention to the rule of the One in this way? How did multiple being came into being? What was the first thing that came from God? The findings suggest that Thomas Acquinas, based on his ontology, denies the rule of the One and criticizes those who believe in it. But Mulla Sadra, by accepting the rule of the One, has restored it and based on his philosophical principles, has presented a new plan for it and introduced the extending existence as the first thing issued by the Supreme Being.
Einallah Khademi
Abstract
The present paper aims to analyze Mulla Hadi's philosophical tendencies on the system of effusion. According to Haji, effusion is considered as emanation of something from God so that nothing is deducted from Him and nothing is added to Him in the ascent. He divides creation into two types of real and ...
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The present paper aims to analyze Mulla Hadi's philosophical tendencies on the system of effusion. According to Haji, effusion is considered as emanation of something from God so that nothing is deducted from Him and nothing is added to Him in the ascent. He divides creation into two types of real and agentive. He introduces real creation as an expanded existence. In peripatetic terms, like peripatetic philosophers, he makes a connection between the theory of intellects and the Ptolemaic system. He believes that each intellect from the first up to the ninth has created a constellation but the tenth intellect does not have a constellation. It is the sustainer of earthly beings. Like peripatetic philosophers, he refers to the worlds of Lahout, Jabrut,Malakut and Nasut. In explaining illumination, he refers to archetypes and light. In his Sadra'i explanation, Mullah Hadi uses an anecdote (hadith) from Imam Ali (a. s.) on the nature of reason, and like Mulla Sadra, he seeks to collect the views on the first emanation of intellect or the expanded existence. In explaining Mashaei-Ishraqi (peripatetic-illuminative) and Ishraqi-Sadra'i, (illuminative–transcendental) he uses a combination of Masha'i-Ishraqi and Sadra'i elements.
