The “Fixed ↔ Fixed” Model in Explaining the Relation Between a Fixed Cause and a Changing Effect: A Novel Formulation within Transcendent Theosophy with a Comparative Assessment of Spinoza

Articles in Press

Document Type : Scientific-research

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Department of Theology Education,, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The relation between a fixed cause and a changing effect constitutes a central problem in Islamic metaphysics. This study proposes the theoretical model “Fixed ↔ Fixed” within the framework of trans cendent Theosophy to provide a systematic solution. The research adopts an analytical demonstrative method grounded in key Sadrian principles, including existential poverty, gradation of being, substantial motion, the rule of non repetition in manifestation, and divine simplicity. According to this model, the Divine Cause remains simple and unchanged, while each existential instant of the effect is complete and determinate in its own ontological locus. Change is not located in the causal nexus itself but is abstracted from the ordered succession of manifestations. Thus, temporal becoming signifies the sequence of existential determinations rather than intrinsic alteration in the Cause. The theory resolves the dilemma of “preference without a preferrer” through a composite determinant consisting of the fixed agent together with receptive conditions and relational configurations. A brief comparison with Spinoza’s doctrine of substance and modes highlights structural parallels alongside decisive theological significant differences

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The Mirror of Knowledge

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 17 March 2026

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