The Relationship Between Watan (Homeland) and Tuma`nina (Tranquility) in Sufism from Earliest Years to Ibn Arabi

Document Type : Scientific-research

Authors

1 PH.D student in The Research Institute of Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution

2 PH.D in Tehran University

Abstract

Tuma`nina is a mystical station by which man can reach constant tranquility. But the word “Tuma'nina” has been used in relation to different objects in the holy Quran and sophistic writings. One of those objects mentioned in the holy Quran is the world where the possibility of reaching tranquility is confirmed (Surah Yunus / 7). Of course the Sufis’ view is that any tranquility acquired other than the one acquired by reaching  “vatan” (homeland or existential origin of mankind) is not constant and original. The kind of tranquility that one acquires before reaching their homeland (their existential origin) is tranquility in a foreign land and therefore it is transitory. In his mystical Tafsir, Tustari, with reference to Surah Haj/11 which reads “if good reaches him, then he is content therewith”, believes that for an individual who behaves based on his instincts as not achieved absolute tranquility, any perception which brings him heartfelt satisfaction can be a means to tranquility. But is it possible to reach constant and absolute tranquility? What does vatan (homeland/ existential origin) mean in sufi words? What is the status of tranquility in the Islamic practical and theoretical mysticism? The present article is an attempt to discuss the answers to these questions based on Sufis' works from the earliest years of Sufism to Ibn Arabi.

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