نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فلسفه دین، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 گروه فلسفه دین، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This study examines the philosophical foundations of Wilhelm Dilthey's (1833–1911) hermeneutic theory, tracing its conceptual development through four formative intellectual traditions: German Romanticism, Hegelian dialectics, historicism, and critical engagements with Kantian epistemology. Confronting the fundamental tension between Enlightenment rationalism's emphasis on pure reason and Romanticism's prioritization of affective experience and historical particularity, Dilthey developed a sophisticated theoretical framework that acknowledges the historical embeddedness of human understanding while avoiding epistemological relativism.
The investigation reveals how Dilthey's philosophical system integrates three key conceptual innovations: (1) the ontological primacy of lived experience (Erlebnis) as the epistemological foundation for the human sciences (Geisteswissenschaften); (2) a hermeneutic reinterpretation of Hegel's objective spirit (objektiver Geist) to account for intersubjective understanding; and (3) a critical transformation of Kant's categories of understanding as historically emergent rather than transcendental structures.
Analysis demonstrates that while Dilthey incorporated the Romantic emphasis on non-rational dimensions of human existence - particularly creative imagination and immediate experience - he systematically transcended Romantic subjectivism through his rigorous methodology for the human sciences. Similarly, while adopting the historicist insistence on contextual understanding, he developed sophisticated epistemological safeguards against historical relativism through his critique of historical reason.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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