بررسی نفس شناسی عرفانی بانو نصرت امین در تفسیر مخزن العرفان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تصوف و عرفان اسلامی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

2 گروه ادیان و عرفان، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.

چکیده

نفس شناسی یکی از مهم ترین معرفت های انسان شناسی عرفانی است که در آن، صعود انسان از وضعیت موجود به جایگاه غایی اش از طریق سلوک امکان‌پذیر می شود. نفس در سلوک مسافر و راهبر است و به میزان آگاهی از خود و ظرفیت هایش، رشد می کند و به مدارج بالاتر می رود. این مقاله با بررسی تفسیر مخزن العرفان بانو امین با روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی، به تبیین نفس‌شناسی او می پردازد. امین در بیان مراتب نفس، به سه نوع تقسیم بندی می‌پردازد. تقسیم عارضی به اعتبار حَشر و تقسیم ماهوی به اعتبار «معرفت به خود» و «سنخیت با هستی». توصیف امین از نفس در دو سطح است: سطح وجودی که گویای ظرفیت های بالقوه نفس است؛ سطح طبیعی که بیشتر بر ناسوتی و نازل بودن نفس اشاره دارد. نفس بالقوه به هر چیزی رو کند، صفات آن‌را اخذ می کند؛ از این رو، سلوک ضرورت می یابد. البته در اندیشة امین نقطة شروع برای سالک متوقف بر اعطای الهی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of Nosrat Amin’s Mystical Self-Knowledge in Makhzan al-‘Irfan Interpretation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Hamidreza Raoof 1
  • Ghodratollah Khayatian 2
  • azim hamzeian 2
1 PhD student of Sufism and Islamic Mysticism, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Department of Religions and Mysticism, Faculty of Human Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Mystical understanding of the soul is an important aspect of mystical anthropology, which facilitates ascent of man from status quo to his ultimate degree through spiritual journey. The soul is a both wayfarer and guide in its journey, growing and moving to higher degrees according to its level of knowledge of self and its capabilities. This article examines Banu-Amin's Makhzan Al-‘irfan using a descriptive-analytical method, and explains her mystical understanding of the soul. Amin refers to three types of division to explain levels of the soul: the accidental division according to "ressurection", the substantive division according to "self-knowledge" and "identity with existence." Amin's description of the soul comes in two levels: the existential level, which expresses the potential capacities of the soul, and the natural level, which refers to of soul’s being descent. To what the soul turns, it acquires its attributes; therefore, spiritual journey becomes necessary. In Amin's thought, the seeker’s start to move is based on God's bestowal.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nosrat Amin
  • Makhzan Al-‘Irfan
  • mystical interpretation
  • self knowledge

مراجع

The Holy Quran. (2009). Translated by Mohammad Mehdi Fuladvand. Tehran: Khairullah Publishing.
Amin, Seyedah Nusrat. (1982). Makhzan al-‘Irfan dar Tafsir-e Qur'an. Tehran: Muslim Women's Movement.
Ashtiani, Mirza Mehdi. (1988). Scholia on the Versified Interpretation of Philosophy (Persian: Ta’liqeh bar Sharh-e Manzumeh-ye Hekmat), by Javad Flatouri and Mehdi Mohaghegh, Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
Fiez Kashani, Muhammad bin Shah Mortaza. (1994). Tafsir al-Safi, Edited and Researched by Hossein A’lami. Tehran: Al-Sadr School.
Fiez Kashani, Muhammad bin Shah Morteza. (1981). Kalimat al-Maknunah Min ‘Ulum Ahl al-Hikmah va l-Ma’rifah. Introduction and Correction by Azizullah al-‘Atarudi al-Quchani. Tehran: Farhani.
Ghazali, Mohammad bin Mohammad. (1988). The Moderation in Belief (Arabic: Al-Iqtisad fi al-I’tiqad). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘ilamiyya.
Ibn Arabi, Muhammad bin Ali. (n.d). The Meccan Revelations (Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyya (4-volume series)). Beirut: Dar Sadir.
Ibn Sina, Hossein bin Abdullah. (1983). Al-Tabi’iyyat min al-Shifa’, Researched by Suleiman Dunya, George Shehate Qanawati, Ibrahim Bayoumi Madkoor, Saeed Zaid and Muhammad Yusuf Musa. Qom: Ayatollah al-Marashi al-Najafi School.
Ibn Turka, Sa’in al-Din. (1981). Tamhid al-Qawa’id, Edited by Jalal al-Din Ashtiani. Tehran: Iranian Hikmat and Philosophy Society.
Ikhwan Safa. (1997). Treatises of Ikhwan al-Safa and Khallan al-Wafa. Beirut: Dar Sadr.
Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir. (1982). Bihar al-Anwar: Al-Jama'e'ah Ledorar-e Akhbar-e-Ala’ymat-e-Al-Athar. Beirut: Al-Wafa Foundation.
Muhammadi, Ali; Sajjadi, Seyyed Ahmed. (2022). "Analytical Examination of the Components of Quranic Self-knowledge and its Application in Human Development and Evolution in the Mystical Interpretation of Banu Amin's Mystical Repository", Qur'an, Culture and Civilization Quarterly, 3rd year, 2nd issue (consecutive 8), summer 2022 (pp.: 82-103) (doi: 10.22034/jksl.2022.363101.1157).
Mulla Sadra, Sadr al-Din Mohammad Shirazi. (2004). Exegesis of ‘Usul al-Kafi. Proofreading and Research by Mohammad Khajawi. Tehran: Institute of Cultural Studies and Research.
Mulla Sadra, Sadr al-Din Muhammad Shirazi. (1989). al-Hikmat al-Muta'aliyah fi al-Asfar al-Aqli al-Arba’ah. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi.
Mulla Sadra, Sadr al-Din Muhammad Shirazi. (n.d). al-Shawahid al-Rububiyyah fi al-Manahaj al-Sulukiyyah. Corrected and Revised by Seyyed Jalaluddin Ashtiani. Tehran: University Publishing Center.
Naraghi, Mulla Mohammad Mahdi. (1967). Jami’ Al-Sa’adat, Edited and Suspended by Mohammad Kalantar, Introduction by Mohammad Reza Al-Muzaffar, Beirut: Est. Al-Alami Press.
Nasafi, Aziz al-Din Bin Muhammad. (1998). Collection of Treatises aka Kitab al-Insan al-Kamil. Foreword by Henry Karban. Revised and Introduced by Mari-Zhan Muleh. Translation of the Introduction by Dhiaul-Din Dehshiri. Tehran: Tahuri; French Iranology Society in Tehran.
Panahi Azad, Hassan; Manani, Fereshte. (2019). "The Relationship between Human Immortality and Moral Action from the Perspective of an Iranian Mujtahidah Lady", Research Journal of Ethics, Volume 13, Number 49, Autumn 2019 (pp: 68-51) (doi: 20.1001.1.22287264.1399.13.49.2.8).
Qomi, Qazi Saeed Mohammad bin Mohammad Mufid. (2015). Interpretation of Tawhid of Saduq. Edited by Najaf-Qoli Habibi. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
Saliba, Jamil. (1987). Philosophical Dictionary. Translated by Manouchehr Sane’i Darrah-Bidi. Tehran: Hikmat.
Sobhani, Jafar. (2004). Immortal Charter. Qom: Imam Sadiq Foundation.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار