مسئله خویشتن‌یابی در روان درمانی وجودی؛ مقایسه دیدگاه صدرا و ون دورزن

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشکده علوم و تحقیقات اسلامی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه آموزشی فلسفه و حکمت اسلامی، دانشکده علوم و تحقیقات اسلامی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه آموزشی فلسفه و حکمت اسلامی دانشگاه بین‌الملل امام خمینی قزوین

4 دانشیار گروه آموزشی روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

ون‌دورزن، روان‌درمانگر وجودی با بررسی مؤلفه‌‌‌های  متعدد درمانِ وجودی، خودتأملی و خویشتن‌یابی را مؤلفة اصلی‌ این نگرش دانسته، معتقد است که انسان با وجودی متفاوت با سایر موجودات و هویتی سیال و پویا، خود وجود و هویت خویشتن را تعیین می‌کند. ملاصدرا نیز با توجه به هویت سیال و پویای انسان معتقد است که وجود انسان محدود و منحصر به این  عالم نیست، خود عوالم و نشئات وجودی متعددی دارد و در هر عالم، نشئه‌ای  متناسب با آن می‌یابد. انسان با اراده و اختیار خود، جایگاه خویش را در نظام هستی تعیین می‌کند و می‌تواند با ارتقای وجودش تا مرتبة وجود عقلی، عالمی‌ عقلی مشابه عالم عینی گردد. هر دو متفکر در برخورداری انسان از وجودی سیال و پویا و خودی «خودتعیین‌گر» اتفاق نظر دارند. چنانکه از جایگاه مؤلفة خویشتن‌یابی‌ در درمان وجودی و نگرش صدرا دربارة‌ این مؤلفه بر می‌آید؛ دیدگاه صدرا دربارة خویشتن‌یابی می‌تواند مبنای درمان وجودی در فرهنگ‌ ایرانی- اسلامی ‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Self-Discovery in Existential Psychotherapy: Comparing the Views of Sadra and Van Deurzen

نویسندگان [English]

  • fateme fazelzade 1
  • Majid mollayousefi 2
  • mohammadjavad Shams 3
  • Ali Reza Kakavand 4
1 PhD student of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Faculty of Islamic Sciences and Research, Imam Khomeini International University (RA), Qazvin, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom, Faculty of Islamic Sciences and Research, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of the Educational Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom of Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin
4 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University (RA), Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Van Deurzen, an existential psychotherapist, identifies self-reflection and self-discovery as the core components of existential therapy through her examination of its various aspects. She posits that humans, distinct from other creatures, possess a fluid and dynamic identity. This, according to her, allows individuals to determine their own existence and identity. Mulla Sadra, on the other hand, acknowledging the fluidity and dynamism of human identity, proposes that human existence extends beyond this world, encompassing multiple worlds and levels of existence, and within each world, individuals find a corresponding level of existence, so that through their own free will, humans determine their position in this system of existence. By elevating their existence to the level of rational existence, they can transform themselves into a rational world akin to the objective world. This paper aims to demonstrate, based on the views of these two thinkers on human beings’ fluid and dynamic existence, the self-determining nature of the human self, the place of self-discovery in existential therapy, and Sadra's perspective on self-discovery, that Sadra’s view can potentially serve as the foundation for an existential therapy within Iranian-Islamic culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emmy Van Deurzen
  • Mulla Sadra
  • existential psychotherapy
  • existence
  • self-discovery

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